Some face-to-face events are returning. Check carefully for any requirements.

Studying or working in a science or engineering subject? Interested in how to close the gender gap, and want to hear great role models speak about their experiences?
Join Oxford Females in Engineering, Science and Technology (OxFEST), alongside OxWIB and OxWomIn, on Saturday 18th February for our annual conference at the Oxford Maths Institute! We’ll be hosting inspiring women from industry and academia who are breaking boundaries in their fields. The day will involve talks, workshops on diversity, entrepreneurship and communication, and a panel discussion on promoting women in STEM. Breakfast, lunch, refreshments and prosecco will be provided! This is a great opportunity to be inspired, add to your skills, make new connections and get involved.
We are proud to introduce our first speaker: Anne-Marie O. Imafidon MBE. Anne-Marie is a computing, mathematics and language child prodigy who graduated from Oxford aged 20 and was awarded an MBE for championing women in STEM in her organisation Stemettes. You can read about her recent thoughts on the glass ceiling here: http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/…/the-glass-ceiling-is-made…
Like our Facebook page for more updates as we reveal our other amazing speakers: https://www.facebook.com/oxwomanempowerment/
Tickets are heavily subsidised and cost just £8 for the whole-day program and food and drink. Get yours here: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/breaking-boundaries-shatteri….
We look forward to welcoming you on the day!
Lord Browne of Madingley is presently Chairman of L1 Energy, the Chairman of Trustees of both the Tate and the QEII Prize for Engineering, and Chairman of the Advisory Board of the Blavatnik School of Government at Oxford University.

Broken Spoke Bike Co-op and The Adventure Syndicate invite you to a two-day festival celebrating the many wonderful ways in which women and bicycles are changing the world. Women & Bicycles will be the largest event of its kind the UK has ever seen!
With a glittering cast of speakers, including cycling celebrities and up-and-coming heroes, practical workshops to help you put your cycling ambitions into action, guided rides for all levels, yoga classes for the flexible and inflexible, delicious food, a chance to try out clothing and accessories especially designed for women, and dozens of new friends, allies and riding buddies.
Speakers will include author and veteran cycle tourer Josie Dew, children’s bicycle revolutionary Isla Rowntree of Islabikes, award-winning cycle trainer Maryam Amatullah, designer and founder of Findra clothing Alex Feechan, founder of the Cycle Touring Festival Laura Moss, and creator of Cycle Sprog Karen Gee.

Rio gold medallist, Grace Clough, will talk about the experience of competing at sport’s highest levels. When not studying towards an MSc in Sociology, Grace is a member of the British Rowing Squad and won gold in rowing at the 2016 Paralympic Games in Rio. Grace will describe the unique training regime undertaken by British paralympic athletes with the aid of a short Team GB video. Join us to find out about the Rio experience, from the gruelling preparations to the exhilaration of competing and ultimately winning. There will be ample opportunity to ask questions.
Grace visits schools to advocate better integration of disability and to encourage students to persist in the face of obstacles. Her academic research looks at the media portrayal of disability and its impacts. Her own story is inspirational. She only took up rowing in late 2013, yet in an impressive unbeaten run she was a member of the LTA mixed coxed four that won gold at the 2014 and 2015 World Championships, then won gold again at the Paralympic Games at Rio 2016. In recognition of this, Grace was honoured with the award of the MBE in the New Year’s Honours list.
Join Grace in the Mawby Room at Kellogg College from 17:30 for refreshments. The seminar will begin at 17:45. It is free and open to all, and there is no need to book.

For Dr Kanade, good research derives from solving real-world problems and delivering useful results to society. As a roboticist, he participated in developing a wide range of computer-vision systems and autonomous robots, including human-face recognition, autonomously-driven cars, computer-assisted surgical robots, robot helicopters, biological live cell tracking through a microscope, and EyeVision, a system used for sports broadcast. Dr Kanade will share insights into his projects and discuss how his “Think like an amateur, do as an expert” maxim interacts with problems and people.
Dr Takeo Kanade is the 2016 Kyoto Prize Laureate for Advanced Technology.

Oxford International Relations Society has the pleasure of welcoming Lord David Owen CH FRCP to give a talk about his illustrious career in British politics. Foreign Secretary from 1977-1979, Owen was involved in overseeing and developing the creation of independence for certain African states, and in the promotion of human rights. A staunch centrist having held a lot of previous support for the European Union, Owen made headlines when he announced that he intended to Vote Leave in the Referendum of 2016.
In 1981, Owen became one of the ‘Gang of Four’, leaving the Labour Party to found the Social Democratic Party, of which he was leader from 1983-1987 and which eventually transformed into the Liberal Democrats. Made a life peer in 1992, he now sits in the House of Lords, changing his status from ‘crossbencher’ in 2014, to ‘independent social democrat’.
Lord Owen will be sharing his thoughts on ‘Brexit – An amicable divorce from the E.U.?’
This event is FREE for members and £3 for non-members, with a special offer of £20 for lifetime membership of the Society available for a limited time.

Speakers:
Ivor Crewe (Master, University College, Oxford)
Anne Deighton (Emeritus Professor of European International Politics, St Antony’s College, Oxford)
Stephen Fisher (Associate Professor of Political Sociology, Trinity College, Oxford)
Iain McLean (Emeritus Professor of Politics, Nuffield College, Oxford)
Chair
Ben Jackson (Associate Professor of Modern History, University College, Oxford)
All are welcome.

A one-off screening of recent documentary release Citizen Jane: Battle for the City. The film will be followed by a panel discussion featuring four local experts talking about how the themes in the documentary relate to issues for our own city — both past and present.
The panel is made up of four women who will discuss the issues raised in the film from four different perspectives — urban planning, architecture, local history and art.
Dr Sue Brownill, an urban policy expert at Oxford Brookes University, will chair the discussion and will be joined by: Dr Annie Skinner, local historian and author of ‘Cowley Road: a History’; Dr Igea Troiani, Senior Lecturer in Architecture at Oxford Brookes; and Rachel Barbaresi, an artist with interest the social aspects of urban space whose work is currently on show at Modern Art Oxford’s Future Knowledge exhibition.

Join us at LMH for an In Conversation with Gary Lineker and Alan Rusbridger
Gary Lineker OBE was one of England’s top football strikers in the 1980s and early 1990s, and holds England’s record for goals in FIFA World Cup finals, with 10 scored. In a career which has spanned 16 years and 567 competitive games, he scored a total 330 goals. Gary was awarded an OBE in January 1992 for services to Association Football and has presented the flagship programme Match of the Day since the late 1990s.

The Oxford Guild is delighted to welcome a very special, high profile and unique guest for what will be one of the biggest and most exciting events of the year – Valtteri Bottas, the Formula 1 Grand Prix Winning Mercedes driver from Finland (they just won this year’s world championship again), currently 3rd in the World Drivers Championship and the teammate of the World Champion Lewis Hamilton and previously Felipe Massa. Valtteri Bottas is flying specially to Oxford to speak to you this Thursday 2nd November at 7.30pm just before the season is over with the final two races of the season coming up, which is unprecedented! We are delighted to have specially secured him as a keynote guest speaker for you and the talk and Q&A session will take place in the Oxford Town Hall, one of the largest venues in the city. THE EVENT IS FREE AND OPEN TO ALL – REGISTER HERE ASAP FOR YOUR PLACE! https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/valtteri-bottas-mercedes-f1-grandprix-winning-racer-talk-the-oxfordguild-tickets-39342911708This will undoubtedly be one of the biggest and most fascinating events of the year – do not miss out on your seat!
This is a truly unique and unprecedented opportunity to hear from and ask questions of such a high profile and prestigious speaker and one of the biggest names in sport and the high octane world of F1 with such a fascinating story in racing. DO NOT MISS OUT ON WHAT PROMISES TO BE A HIGHLY INTERESTING, INSIGHTFUL AND EXCITING TALK AND OCCASION where you can hear from and ask questions of the man who has won the World Constructors’ Championship in 2017, won Grands Prix, raced with huge figures such as teammate Lewis Hamilton and stands 3rd in the World Drivers Championship at the moment! Get an inside look into the glitzy, glamourous and high stakes world of Formula One and hear the unique insider stories from Valterri! A wonderful way to spend a Thursday evening in Oxford before 5th week looms!
The will be an opportunity for questions and if you would like to ballot for the chance to meet Valtteri Bottas and speak to him directly over drinks and take photos in a private reception please ballot using the form here: https://tinyurl.com/MeetBottasBallot and email president@theoxfordguild.com ASAP.
WHEN: 7.30pm, Thursday 2nd November 2017 (4th week)
WHERE: Oxford Town Hall, St Aldate’s, OX1 1BX
RESERVE YOUR PLACE FOR FREE NOW HERE: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/valtteri-bottas-mercedes-f1-grandprix-winning-racer-talk-the-oxfordguild-tickets-39342911708
Valtteri is considered to be one of the most exciting racers and young talents in Formula 1 and has recently renewed his Mercedes contract as Lewis Hamilton’s teammate, having previously raced for Williams. He has consistently been a high performer and is known for his ice cool composure, nimble driving style and ability to learn quickly which makes him stand out from his racing peers. Born in August 1989 in Nastola, Finland, he was entered for his very first kart race at the age of six and over the ensuing decade, the karting circuits of Finland and Europe would become his home from home. He won numerous races and Championships and was a member of the Finnish national karting squad for seven years In 2007, at the age of 17, he made the step up to single-seater racing. Valtteri made his Formula One debut at Albert Park, Melbourne, in the 2013 Australian Grand Prix, thereby becoming the ninth driver from Finland to compete at this level. His debut season turned out to be a difficult one – but he at least outscored his team-mate Pastor Maldonado by four points to one. The era of the Hybrid Power Units in Formula One began in 2014. After a change of engine supplier at Williams, Valtteri was back in a Mercedes-powered vehicle for the first time since his spell in Formula 3. He registered his best season so far in the highest echelon of the sport, making six podium appearances and scoring 186 championship points to finish the campaign in fourth position, behind the Silver Arrows duo of Lewis Hamilton and Nico Rosberg and three-time race winner Daniel Ricciardo. That year, Valtteri and his team-mate Felipe Massa secured third place for Williams in the Constructors’ Championship. His best results were two runner-up spots in the British and German Grands Prix. In the 2015 season, Valtteri once again outscored his team-mate Felipe Massa, despite missing out on the start of the season due to a back injury. He made two podium appearances and finished the year with 136 points. In the 2016 season, his fourth in Formula One, Valtteri secured his team’s sole podium finish, which came in the Canadian Grand Prix. He again came out on top in the internal contest against team-mate Felipe Massa by a score of 85 to 53 points. For the 2017 season, Valtteri signed to race for Mercedes, as teammate to Lewis Hamilton, replacing Nico Rosberg who retired after winning the 2016 Championship. This made him the 11th driver to compete in Formula One with the Silver Arrows, following in the footsteps of the great Juan Manuel Fangio, Sir Stirling Moss, Michael Schumacher, Lewis Hamilton and Nico Rosberg. He stands currently 3rd in the World Drivers Championship after having won 2 races (Russia & Austrian Grands Prix 2017) and received 10 podium places.
This is yet another in a series of incredibly high profile speakers the Guild has lined up – we have been working industriously behind the scenes and would recommend you watch this space! Following one of the biggest speakers in the last 15 years in the form of Kanye West, and other great guest speakers such as Stormzy, Woody Harrelson, Nobel Prize winning Professor Yunus, Lil Jon, Martin Garrix to name a few, the illustrious and award winning Oxford Guild Society, after a great deal of hard work and extensive negotiations, is excited to bring you another huge figure from and one of the biggest speakers of the year. DO NOT MISS OUT ON ONE OF THE MOST EXCITING AND ENTERTAINING EVENTS OF TERM!
Come to the Oxford Town Hall at 7.30pm on Thursday 2nd November to learn about Valtteri Bottas’ fascinating life journey, and the exciting world of Formula 1 and hear his unique stories during the course of his career! THE EVENT IS 100% FREE AND OPEN TO ALL!
Abstract: This presentation will consider the ethical dimensions of Brexit. Specifically the case will be made that there are profound ethical questions posed by Brexit that have not properly been considered. The focus of the public debate has been largely on the pragmatic, economic and political reasons for and against Brexit. It is important to supplement these with a consideration of the ethical questions raised by it. In a book he edited entitled Political Restructuring in Europe: Ethical Perspectives (1994) Chris Brown made a case for constitutive theory as a way of approaching the ethical issues involved in proposals for restructuring Europe in the wake of the break-up of Yugoslavia. In this talk his analysis will be extended, illustrating how constitutive theory produces surprising, enlightening and important results that have so far been absent from the debate. The insights point to a set of political imperatives that ought not to be ignored.
Mervyn Frost is Professor of International Relations in the Department of War Studies at King’s College, London. Publications include: Towards a Normative Theory of International Relations (CUP, 1986), Ethics in International Relations (CUP, 1996), Constituting Human Rights: Global Civil Society and the Society of Democratic States (Routledge, 2002) and Global Ethics: Anarchy, Freedom and International Relations (Routledge, 2009). He edited a 4 volume reference work entitled International Ethics (Sage 2011). His recent work, with Dr Silviya Lechner, is focused on the “practice turn” in International Relations. Their book Practice Theory and International Relations is to be published by CUP in 2018.

The Oxford Fabian Society host the Fabian Society regional conference.
Embracing Change: Socialism for a Brave New World
Outline programme
9:00-9:30: registration
9:30: Welcome: Oxford and the Fabian Society. Michael Weatherburn (Secretary, Oxford Fabians)
9:45-10:15: Opening plenary. Kate Green MP (Chair, Fabian Society) and Andrew Harrop (General Secretary, Fabian Society)
10:15-11:15: Panel 1, Taking Our Place: workers affecting workplace change. Annaliese Dodds MP (Oxford East), Melanie Simms (Leicester University), & Caroline Raine (Area Organiser, UNISON). Facilitator: David Yates (Vice-Chair, Oxford Fabians)
11:45-12:45: Panel 2, New Channels of Influence. Shaista Aziz (journalist, writer), Ann Black (Labour NEC), Richard Fletcher (Reuters Institute, Oxford University), Dan Iley-Williamson (Labour city councillor, Holywell & Oxford Momentum). Facilitator: Nick Fahy (Oxford Fabians).
12:45-13:30: Lunch (not provided)
13:30-14:30: Panel 3, The Defence of the Realm. Alex Donnelly (Changing Character of War Programme, Oxford University), Sophy Gardner (RAF, Exeter University), Michael Pryce (Centre for Defence Acquisition, Cranfield University), Chris Williams (Open University). Facilitator: Rosemary Preston (Oxford Fabians).
14:45-15:45: Discussion, Does Socialism Need Patriotism? Facilitated by the Young Fabians.
15:45-16:45: Panel 4, The Local Elections, May 2018. Shaista Aziz (2018 Labour candidate, Rose Hill), Steven Curran (Labour councillor, Iffley Fields), Alex Donnelly (Labour candidate, Hinksey Park 2018), Bob Price (Labour councillor, Hinksey Park), Martyn Rush (Labour candidate, Barton and Sandhills 2018), Christine Simm (Labour councillor, Cowley and Deputy Lord Mayor). Facilitator: Elsa Dawson (Oxford Fabians).
16:45-17:00: Closing remarks, Oxford: Local Politics, Big Picture, 1980-2050. Bob Price (Leader of Oxford City Council, Leader of the Labour Group, and Labour Councillor, Hinksey Park).

The Oxford constituency of the Spanish Researchers in the United Kingdom (SRUK) is holding a discussion panel entitled “Women in science and the glass ceiling” where three invited speakers will give a short talk about the topic, followed by a discussion where the attendees can actively participate.
The invited experts will highlight how the world of science needs to become accessible for everyone, women and girls. The discussion will cover the earlier stages of education, where children become interested in science, to the later stages of the scientific career, where excellent science and innovation require the talents of both women and men. We will evaluate why women’s progress in research is slow and why there are too few female scientists occupying top positions in scientific decision-making, limiting the important potential of highly skilled human capital.
The event will take place on the 18th of November at the The Jam Factory (Hollybush Row, Oxford, OX1 1HU) and it will start at 10:30AM.
This is a free event and open to the public, but registration is needed via Eventbrite.

We, the Oxford University Swiss Society, are delighted to host Mr Ambassador Alexandre
Fasel, who is the new Swiss Ambassador in the UK since September 2017.
He will give a talk on Monday, January 15th, at 6pm in the Oakeshott
room in Lincoln college. This will be followed by drinks in the adjacent
Langford room, where it is possible to interact with him and ask
him questions.
Registration is not required – everyone is welcome.
The OSS team,
Anita, Camille, Claudia, Fabian, Jasmin, Lisa, Matthias, Philippe, Seb,
Tiziana, Vincent
A free lecture by Robert O. Ritchie of Lawrence Berkeley (USA). Free pre-lecture drinks and nibbles and free post-lecture buffet and drinks (please email lorraine.laird@materials.ox.ac.uk to reserve a place). Abstract:
The ability of a material to undergo limited deformation is a critical aspect of conferring toughness as this feature enables the local dissipation of high stresses which would otherwise cause fracture. The mechanisms of such deformation can be widely diverse. Although plasticity from dislocation motion in crystalline materials is most documented, inelastic deformation can also occur via in situ phase transformations in certain metals and ceramics, sliding of mineralized collagen fibrils in tooth dentin and bone, rotation of such fibrils in skin, frictional motion between mineral “platelets” in seashells, and even by mechanisms that also lead to fracture such as shear banding in glasses and microcracking in geological materials and bone. Resistance to fracture (toughness) is thus a compromise – a combination of two, often mutually exclusive, properties of strength and deformability. It can also be considered as a mutual competition between intrinsic damage processes that operate ahead of the tip of a crack to promote its advance and extrinsic crack-tip shielding mechanisms that act mostly behind the crack tip to locally diminish crack-tip stresses and strains. Here we examine the interplay between strength and ductility and between intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms in developing toughness in a range of biological and natural materials, including bone, skin and fish scales, and in certain advanced metallic alloys, including bulk-metallic glasses and high-entropy alloys.
It seems like everywhere we look computers are running more and more of the world around us. In healthcare, we have seen an astounding level of hype surrounding the use of artificial intelligence in image recognition, personalised treatment, form filling in and diagnostic technologies. What are the potential applications for AI in health and life sciences, but also the barriers to its adoption and practical implementation?
Further information and registration: https://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/event/2521
Revd. Kate Seagrave studied linguistics here at Oxford before becoming ordained, leading to her return to work with the postgrads at St Aldates and the Oxford Pastorate. In this research presentation we will get to hear more about an academic hero of hers: Jan Amos Comenius. More than an educational theorist, he was also a noteworthy theologian and hymn writer.

Dr. Michael Foale CBE is a British/American astronaut, veteran of six space missions, and the only NASA astronaut to have flown extended missions aboard both the Russian Mir and International Space Stations. He was the first Briton to perform a space walk, and until 17 April 2008, he held the record for most time spent in space by a US citizen: 374 days, 11 hours, 19 minutes. He still holds the cumulative-time-in-space record for a UK citizen. In 1997 Mike was on board Mir with two other cosmonauts when it was hit by a supply craft – the worst collision in the history of spaceflight. It sent the space station tumbling out of control and left the team without power and contact with Earth. Come and hear the story of how events unfolded at this unique event and how Mike used his unique skills to save Mir from disaster.
Against the backdrop of the rich judicial output of the Strasbourg Court, the case law under Article 4 (slavery, servitude, forced labour and human trafficking) of the European Convention on Human Rights is scarce. This is more than surprising against the backdrop of ample empirical evidence showing that migrants are subjected to severe forms of exploitation in Europe. To be more precise, the existing judgments in which the Court has dealt with abuses inflicted by non-state actors (e.g. employers) reaching the level of severity of Article 4 are eight, the latest one delivered on 30 March 2017, Chowdury and Others v. Greece, and involving exploitation of 42 Bangladeshi migrants on a strawberry farm. All the other seven cases (Siliadin v. France, Rantsev v. Cyprus and Russia, CN. and V. v. France, C.N. v. the United Kingdom, M. and Others v. Italy and Bulgaria, L.E. v. Greece and J. and Others v. Austria) reviewed by the Court also involve migrants.
In my presentation (based on my book Human Trafficking and Slavery Reconsidered ) I will assess the significance of the above mentioned judgments for the rights of migrants and I will suggest some prospective developments in the future case law under Article 4. More specifically, Article 4 of the ECHR will open a new vista for contestation between the interests of migrants and the interests of states. This will challenge the host states’ immigration control objectives, which structure migrants’ presence and determine the conditions under which they can stay and work. Accordingly, in addition to Articles 3 (non-refoulement), 5 (immigration detention) and 8 (family life) of the ECHR, which are usually invoked for unsettling the statist assumption, Article 4 will open new opportunities in this direction. Despite this optimism, I will also show that this contestation will not be easy. Finally, I will compare the nature of the conflict that arises between the objective to protect migrants and the objective to exercise effective immigration control, in different areas: Article 4 as opposed to Articles 3 and 5 of the ECHR.
CANCELLED BECAUSE OF THE SNOW IN SCOTLAND WHERE THE SPEAKERS ARE BASED
A free event to meet guest speaker from Standa over 3 sessions. Presentations will cover motion control components and accessories as well as precision apertures. Questions and answer session after each presentation. Light refreshments provided. Each attendee entered into a raffle to win a chocolate hamper! Visit our events page on our website for more info!
In conjunction with the 16th Annual Oxford Human Rights Festival, Oxford Community-led Housing* research project is organising a session on “Identity and [Affordable] Housing”, with a focus on self-build housing. The session will screen the BBC documentary ‘The House that Mum and Dad Built’ (1982), that captures the stories of families involved in the first Walter Segal self-build project, Segal Close. The project, a collaboration between local authority, self-builders and local community, highlights a strong theme that promotes self-empowerment through building one’s own home, and alleviating poverty through the process.
The film screening will be followed by a diverse and interactive panel discussion session with experienced speakers including Professor Nabeel Hamdi, one of the pioneers in participatory planning and author of “Small Change”, Lesley Dewhurst, CEO of Restore Oxford and former Cheif Executive of Oxford Homeless Pathways, and others.
Join us in the much needed discussion to highlight that affordable, self and secure housing is a basic human right. The session will also highlight the role of community-led housing in alleviating poverty, promoting self-empowerment, and hopefully together, we can gain a deeper understanding of how alternative options to Oxford’s unaffordable rents, poor housing conditions and lack of control in one’s living condition can make significant changes.
*Oxford Community-Led Housing research project is a new partnership project by Oxford Community Foundation, Community First Oxfordshire and Oxford Community Land Trust. We have been commissioned by Oxford City Council to conduct a research project on how community-led housing could be delivered sustainably in Oxford. Community Led Housing (CLH) is about local people playing a leading and lasting role in solving local housing problems, creating genuinely affordable homes and strong communities in ways that are difficult to achieve through mainstream housing.
Geoengineering, the practice of artificially altering the climate, has long been a contentious topic. Its attractiveness to scientists and policy makers who aim to engineer alternative solutions to mitigate the dangers of climate change is often met with economic, social and even ethical concerns.
This seminar looks to explore arguments for and against the implementation of geoengineering. What are the economic, social and environmental implications of proposed schemes? Can we afford not to employ them? Is geoengineering ethical? Does it work and if so, is it possible to reach the targets set out in the Paris agreement without it? These are just some of the topics we hope to investigate.
The talk will he chaired by Professor Rosalind Rickaby. The panel consists of Mr Tim Kruger, James Martin Fellow and Dr Phil Renforth, Lecturer in Engineering Geology at Cardiff University. A further two panellists will be released shortly.
https://www.facebook.com/events/1987490278167428/
Speaker: Carlo van de Weijer
Digitisation has entered the mobility arena. The car has evolved from a mechanical device into a “data producing embedded software platform”, and the internet is quickly linking the supply and demand to effectively fulfil our transport needs. And just like every industry that is confronted with digitisation, the changes come faster than most traditional players can prepare for. Yet, with all unpredictability that comes along with disruption there are some fixed rules that one can prepare for. This makes mobility a real example of an industry in the midst of disruption. Carlo van de Weijer will highlight the most important future trends within mobility, from uberization to self driving vehicles, electrification and the impact on cities and society.

Speaker: ANAND MENON, Professor of European Politics and Foreign Affairs at Kings College, London, directs the ESRC Initiative ‘The UK in a Changing Europe’.
Anand Menon has written for the Financial Times, Prospect, The Guardian,The Daily Telegraph, The Times and Le Monde. He is a frequent commentator on national and international broadcast media and has made several radio documentaries on contemporary politics.
He is a member of the Council of the European Council on Foreign Relations and an associate fellow of Chatham House.